Blood products administration protocol
Blood products are used to treat a wide range of diseases and traumatic conditions. The medical value of blood products has long been found to be of great value when it comes to saving lives and treating various diseases.
To donate whole blood or one of its derivatives, you must first know which product to choose. To do this, you can use the table "Recommendations for the use of blood products" below.
You can also read more about "Our Blood".
When ordering, the blood products should be stored in the following way:
Upon receipt of the product, do not leave it at room temperature for a long time (unless you intend to use the product immediately).
Avoid exposing the product to sunlight.
Products such as whole blood and cell concentrate should be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature between 1-6 degrees Celsius (standard refrigerator with temperature control). The cooling and use period should not exceed the period listed on the product.
Fresh frozen plasma products should be stored in a freezer, away from the walls of the freezer or places where ice accumulates. Avoid contact between the plasma product and other products in the freezer. The desired temperature is -18 degrees Celsius and lower (standard high-power freezer with temperature control). The freezing and use period should not exceed the period listed on the product.
Please do not use a freezer that has a defrost cycle option, as This will lead to heating of the product and hence a significant decrease in its quality.
It is recommended to store blood products in refrigerators and freezers that are used minimally for needs other than blood products (to avoid opening the refrigerator and freezer doors frequently)
Instructions for administering the various blood products as well as a table for monitoring the blood administration process are provided with the blood portion sold as a leaflet and can also be downloaded from the "For Veterinarian Use" page
FFP administration
Warm the plasma portion to room temperature using a temperature-controlled warm water bath (not to exceed 37 degrees Celsius). It is recommended to leave the plasma bag in the outer bag packaging during heating to prevent possible contamination of the product. It is prohibited to use boiling water or a microwave, as these will lead to a significant decrease in product quality.
Once the thawing process is fully completed and the plasma fluid is uniform, the attached fluid administration set should be connected.
In the first stage of plasma administration, an infusion rate of 0.5-1 ml/kg/hour should be used for a period between 15-30 minutes, during which time the donor should be under close supervision to promptly identify any abnormal reaction to the blood product*. If no reaction is seen, the rate of fluid administration should be increased to 4-6 ml/kg/hour (it is recommended to leave the donor under supervision throughout the administration of the entire product). It should be noted that the entire planned dose should be administered in a period not exceeding 4 hours (usually the calculation of the amount of plasma required is calculated based on 20 ml/kg, except in cases of rat poison poisoning, where a higher dose is required).
Our plasma doses are highly purified, so there is no need for blood typing, however, it is recommended to perform a minor crossmatch test to ensure the dose is appropriate.
To increase the albumin level in donated blood, a very large amount of plasma is required, hence the preferred product is a synthetic product based on colloids such as starch and not a plasma product.
PRBC administration
Warm the blood sample to room temperature using a temperature-controlled warm water bath (not to exceed 37 degrees Celsius). It is recommended to leave the product bag in the outer plastic packaging during heating to prevent possible contamination of the product. Do not use boiling water or a microwave, as this will lead to a significant decrease in product quality.
After the heating process is complete, the attached set adapted for administering the blood product (containing a special filter) must be used and not a standard set for administering regular infusion fluids (provided with the product itself).
In the first stage of administering the blood product, an infusion rate of 0.5-1 ml/kg/hour should be used for a period of 15-30 minutes, during which time the recipient should be under close supervision to promptly identify any adverse reaction to the blood product*. If no abnormal reaction is detected, the product can be continued to be administered over the next 4 hours (maximum) depending on the animal's intravenous volume status (it is recommended to leave the recipient under supervision throughout the administration of the product) or at a speed of 5-20 ml/kg/hour. For dogs suffering from heart and kidney problems, the administration of the blood product should be slowed down slightly to 2 ml/kg/hour.
Additional intravenous fluids containing calcium are prohibited from being administered at the time of blood product administration (e.g. Hartmann and Ringer lactate) as well as hypotonic fluids (e.g. 5% dextrose).
The blood concentrate can be diluted with saline (physiological fluid) to reduce the viscosity of the product.
The following is the recommended way to calculate the amount of blood product required for administration:
DONOR PCV
TARGET PCV - RECIPIENT PCV x KG x n
Dose of donor blood in ML =
KG = Body weight of the donor
n = For dogs - 90
n = For cats - 60
TARGET PCV - The hematocrit that the donor is aiming to reach after the blood product is administered - the aim is to reach between 25-30% in dogs suffering from continuous blood loss and hypovolemic conditions, while 20% will provide stability in dogs suffering from "stable" anemic conditions such as IMHA.
RECIPIENT PCV - The hematocrit of the recipient, before the blood product is administered.
PCV DONOR - The hematocrit of the donor (whole blood) / the donated dose (cell concentrate), this information will be found on the blood product
This equation is a recommendation only!!